Kicked Out of the Galaxy: The Loneliest Objects in Space

What can launch a star, or even a supermassive black hole, out of an entire galaxy forever? Discover hypervelocity stars, runaway black holes, and the most isolated objects ever found in the universe. From extreme gravity to galaxy collisions, this is the science behind the loneliest cosmic drifters in existence.

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A Cosmoknowledge production.

Special thanks to Pieter van Dokkum

Graphics:
James Josephides (Swinburne Astronomy
Productions), Space Engine, B. O’Shea
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight, Advanced
Visualization Laboratory at the National
Center for Supercomputing Applications,
B. Robertson, L. Hernquist, Center
Conceptual Image Lab, ESO, L. Calçada,
ESA, ATG medialab, Gaia, DPAC, M. Norman,
Sergey Koposov (CMU), ESO, M. Kornmesser,
L. Blecha (UMD), Leah Hustak (STScI),
Fiske Planetarium, CU Boulder,
DESI collaboration

Music:
RVStudio – Shadows of Night
Difourks – Soft Bloom Serenity
Orchestralis – Neutral Slow Drones

Sources:
Hypervelocity stars:
“The fastest stars in the Galaxy”
Kareem El-Badry et al., June 2023
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.03914

Runaway black hole studies:
– Original discovery (2023):
“A candidate runaway supermassive black hole identified by shocks and star formation in its wake”
Pieter van Dokkum et al., February 2023
https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.04888
– JWST confirmation (2025):
“JWST Confirmation of a Runaway Supermassive Black Hole via its Supersonic Bow Shock”
Pieter van Dokkum et al., December 2025
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.04166

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